Why Do Hawks Hunt Chicks

One upon time, a hawk fell in love with a hen. The hawk flew down from the sky and asked the hen, “Will you marry me?”

The hen loved the brave, strong hawk and wished to marry him. But she said, “I can not fly as hight as you can. If you give me time, I may learn to fly as hight as you. Then we can fly together.”

The hawk agreed. Before he went away, he gave the hen a ring. “This is to show that you have promised to marry me,” said the hawk.

It so happened that the hen had already promised to marry a rooster. So, when the rooster saw the ring, he became very angry. “Throw that ring away at once!” shouted the rooster. The hen was so fightened at the rppster’s anger that she threw away the ring immediately.

When the hawk came a few months later, the hen told him the truth. The hawk was so furious that he cursed the hen, “Why didn’t you tell me earlier? Now, you’ll always be scratching the earth, and I’ll always be flying above to catch your children,” said the hawk.

The story is a tale that often appear in various parts of the world. From anank children to adults never heard it. In Indonesia, these tales evolved mostly in the area around Sumatra and Sulawesi. From these stories we can take the values that we should not make promises that can not be kept and do not make false promises. And in making promises we have to think first what the risks and Can we keep to it. And the last Love it takes sacrifice.

Cleopatra and Mark Antony

Who is Cleopatra

Cleopatra full name is Cleopatra VII Philopator (Late 69 BC[1] – August 12, 30 BC) was an ancient Greek queen and the last pharaoh of Ancient Egypt. She was a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty, a Greek royal family which ruled Egypt after Alexander the Great's death during the Hellenistic period. The Ptolemies, throughout their dynasty, spoke Greek and refused to learn Egyptian, which is the reason that Greek as well as Egyptian languages were used on official court documents like the Rosetta Stone. By contrast, Cleopatra learned Egyptian and represented herself as the reincarnation of an Egyptian goddess Isis. Cleopatra originally ruled jointly with her father Ptolemy XII Auletes and later with her brothers, Ptolemy XIII and Ptolemy XIV, whom she married as per Egyptian custom, but eventually she became sole ruler. As pharaoh, she consummated a liaison with Julius Caesar that solidified her grip on the throne. She later elevated her son with Caesar, Caesarion, to co-ruler in name. After Caesar's assassination in 44 BC, she aligned with Mark Antony in opposition to Caesar's legal heir, Gaius Iulius Caesar Octavianus (later known as Augustus). With Antony, she bore the twins Cleopatra Selene II and Alexander Helios, and another son, Ptolemy Philadelphus. Her unions with her brothers produced no children. After losing the Battle of Actium to Octavian's forces, Antony committed suicide. Cleopatra followed suit, according to tradition killing herself by means of an asp bite on August 12, 30 BC. She was briefly outlived by Caesarion, who was declared pharaoh, but he was soon killed on Octavian's orders. Egypt became the Roman province of Aegyptus. To this day, Cleopatra remains a popular figure in Western culture. Her legacy survives in numerous works of art and the many dramatizations of her story in literature and other media, including William Shakespeare's tragedy Antony and Cleopatra, Jules Massenet's opera Cléopâtre and the 1963 film Cleopatra. In most depictions, Cleopatra is put forward as a great beauty and her successive conquests of the world's most powerful men are taken to be proof of her aesthetic and sexual appeal. In his Pensées, philosopher Blaise Pascal contends that Cleopatra's classically beautiful profile changed world history: "Cleopatra's nose, had it been shorter, the whole face of the world would have been changed."


The Stories of Cleopatra and Mark Antony

In 41 BC, Mark Antony, one of the triumvirs who ruled Rome in the power vacuum following Caesar's death, sent his intimate friend Quintus Dellius to Egypt. Dellius had to summon Cleopatra to Tarsus to meet Antony and answer questions about her loyalty. During the Roman civil war she allegedly had paid much money to Cassius. It seems that in reality Antony wanted Cleopatra’s promise to support his intended war against the Parthians. Cleopatra arrived in great state, and so charmed Antony that he chose to spend the winter of 41 BC–40 BC with her in Alexandria. To safeguard herself and Caesarion, she had Antony order the death of her sister Arsinoe, who was living at the temple of Artemis in Ephesus, which was under Roman control. The execution was carried out in 41 BC on the steps of the temple, and this violation of temple sanctuary scandalised Rome. Cleopatra had also executed her strategos of Cyprus, Serapion, who had supported Cassius against her wishes. On 25 December 40 BC, Cleopatra gave birth to twins fathered by Antony, Alexander Helios and Cleopatra Selene II. Four years later, Antony visited Alexandria again en route to make war with the Parthians. He renewed his relationship with Cleopatra, and from this point on Alexandria would be his home. He married Cleopatra according to the Egyptian rite (a letter quoted in Suetonius suggests this), although he was at the time married to Octavia Minor, sister of his fellow triumvir Octavian. He and Cleopatra had another child, Ptolemy Philadelphus. At the Donations of Alexandria in late 34 BC, following Antony's conquest of Armenia, Cleopatra and Caesarion were crowned co-rulers of Egypt and Cyprus; Alexander Helios was crowned ruler of Armenia, Media, and Parthia; Cleopatra Selene II was crowned ruler of Cyrenaica and Libya; and Ptolemy Philadelphus was crowned ruler of Phoenicia, Syria, and Cilicia. Cleopatra was also given the title of "Queen of Kings" by Antonius.[26] Her enemies in Rome feared that Cleopatra "was planning a war of revenge that was to array all the East against Rome, establish herself as empress of the world at Rome, cast justice from Capitolium, and inaugurate a new universal kingdom." Caesarion was not only elevated having coregency with Cleopatra, but also proclaimed with many titles, including god, son of god and king of kings, and was depicted as Horus.[citation needed] Egyptians thought Cleopatra to be a reincarnation of the goddess Isis, as she called herself Nea Isis. Relations between Antony and Octavian, disintegrating for several years, finally broke down in 33 BC, and Octavian convinced the Senate to levy war against Egypt. In 31 BC Antony's forces faced the Romans in a naval action off the coast of Actium. Cleopatra was present with a fleet of her own. Popular legend states that when she saw that Antony's poorly equipped and manned ships were losing to the Romans' superior vessels, she took flight and that Antony abandoned the battle to follow her, but no contemporary evidence states this was the case. Following the Battle of Actium, Octavian invaded Egypt. As he approached Alexandria, Antony's armies deserted to Octavian on August 1, 30 BC. There are a number of unverifiable stories about Cleopatra, of which one of the best known is that, at one of the lavish dinners she shared with Antony, she playfully bet him that she could spend ten million sesterces on a dinner. He accepted the bet. The next night, she had a conventional, unspectacular meal served; he was ridiculing this, when she ordered the second course — only a cup of strong vinegar. She then removed one of her priceless pearl earrings, dropped it into the vinegar, allowed it to dissolve, and drank the mixture. The earliest report of this story comes from Pliny the Elder and dates to about 100 years after the banquet described would have happened. The calcium carbonate in pearls does dissolve in vinegar, but slowly unless the pearl is first crushed.

Romeo and Juliet

The Origin of Romeo and Juliet

Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, written at the beginning of his career. This tragedy tells of a pair of young brides who are in love, but is hampered by both their families hostile to each other. Romeo and Juliet is one of Shakespeare's most famous, and also one of his most often performed in addition to Hamlet and Macbeth.
Romeo and Juliet was initially a tragic romance in ancient times. Romeo and Juliet's story is based on the story in Italy, which turned into rhyme in The Tragical History of Romeus and Julia by Arthur Brooke in 1562, and retold in prose in Palace of Pleasure by William Painter in 1582. Shakespeare borrowed ideas from both, but more developed supporting characters, particularly Mercutio and Paris, to expand the storyline. Written between 1591 until 1595, Romeo and Juliet was first staged in 1597.
Shakespeare uses the dramatic structure. Effects such as changes between comedy and tragedy become heightened tensions, the expansion of minor characters, and the use of sub-plots to embellish the story, has been praised as one of Shakespeare's dramatic early signs of talent. This drama comes from various forms of poetry and character, which sometimes change the path of character development. Examples Romeo is more adept in composing sonnets during the ongoing story. Romeo and Juliet has repeatedly staged in the form of dramas, movies, musicals and opera. During the English Restoration, the play was revived and revised by William Davenant. David Garrick also change some parts, and the adaptation of the opera by Georg Benda eliminate a lot of action and adding a happy ending. Appearances in the 19th century, such as by Charlotte Cushman, using the original script of Romeo and Juliet, and more focus on greater realism. In the 20th century, Romeo and Juliet have been adapted into various versions of movies such as Romeo and Juliet in 1936. INDONESIA own translation into Indonesian language entitled Romeo and Julia made by Trisno Sumardjo.

Who is William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare (baptised 26 April 1564; died 23 April 1616) was an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon". His surviving works, including some collaborations, consist of about 38 plays 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems, and several other poems. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright.
Shakespeare was born and raised in Stratford-upon-Avon. At the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, with whom he had three children: Susanna, and twins Hamnet and Judith. Between 1585 and 1592, he began a successful career in London as an actor, writer, and part owner of a playing company called the Lord Chamberlain's Men, later known as the King's Men. He appears to have retired to Stratford around 1613, where he died three years later. Few records of Shakespeare's private life survive, and there has been considerable speculation about such matters as his physical appearance, sexuality, religious beliefs, and whether the works attributed to him were written by others.
Shakespeare produced most of his known work between 1589 and 1613. His early plays were mainly comedies and histories, genres he raised to the peak of sophistication and artistry by the end of the 16th century. He then wrote mainly tragedies until about 1608, including Hamlet, King Lear, and Macbeth, considered some of the finest works in the English language. In his last phase, he wrote tragicomedies, also known as romances, and collaborated with other playwrights.
Many of his plays were published in editions of varying quality and accuracy during his lifetime. In 1623, two of his former theatrical colleagues published the First Folio, a collected edition of his dramatic works that included all but two of the plays now recognised as Shakespeare's.
Shakespeare was a respected poet and playwright in his own day, but his reputation did not rise to its present heights until the 19th century. The Romantics, in particular, acclaimed Shakespeare's genius, and the Victorians worshipped Shakespeare with a reverence that George Bernard Shaw called "bardolatry". In the 20th century, his work was repeatedly adopted and rediscovered by new movements in scholarship and performance. His plays remain highly popular today and are constantly studied, performed and reinterpreted in diverse cultural and political contexts throughout the world.

Synopsis

The story, set in Verona, beginning with the battle on the road between Montague and Capulet families. Prince of Verona intervene and declare jike violence, will be carried out capital punishment. Furthermore, the Count of Paris to talk with Lord Capulet about plans to marry his daughter, but Capulet cautious because Juliet was still 13 years of age. Capulet asks Paris to wait two or three years away and invited attendance at the Capulet ball. Lady Capulet and the Nurse try to force Julia to accept the proposal of Paris.
Meanwhile, the family of Montague, Benvolio talking with his cousin Romeo, Lord Montague's son, about the melancholy Romeo. Benvolio then learned that the cause is because Romeo infatuated with Rosaline, one of the nephew of Lord Capulet. Forced by Benvolio and Mercutio, Romeo attended the Capulet ball in hopes of meeting Rosaline. However, Romeo just fell in love with Juliet after her. In part that is often called the "balcony scene, Romeo sneaking off to the page Capulet and Julia overheard saying on his balcony which declared her love for Romeo, although his family hated Montague. Romeo then appeared in front of Julia, and they agreed to get married. The assistance Friar Laurence, who wanted to reconcile the two families through the merging of their children, Romeo and Juliet married in secret on the next day.
Juliet's cousin, Tybalt, who know that Romeo has infiltrated the Capulet ball, daring.Romeo, who thinks Tybalt as his brother, declined to fight. Mercutio is offended by immodesty and Tybalt fight with Tybalt in the name of Romeo. Mercutio wounded when Romeo tries to stop the fighting. Feeling guilty, then Romeo kills Tybalt.
Romeo Montague agreed that action to execute Tybalt is a sister act. Prince of Verona and Romeo from Verona throw. Romeo then secretly spend the night in Juliet's room, where they completed the wedding. Lord Capulet, who misinterpret sadness Juliet, agrees to marry her to Paris and threatened not to recognize him as a child if she refused to marry Paris. Juliet asks postponed marriage, but her mother refused.
Juliet then visit Friar Laurence to ask for help, and he offered a drug that will make it a coma. Friar promised to send a message about the plan to Romeo, so he can meet with Juliet when she was awake. On the night before the wedding, Juliet taking drugs, and then laid in the family cemetery after her family discovered she "died".
However, the messenger did not reach Romeo, and he got the information from his servant Balthasar that Juliet died. Heartbroken, Romeo bought poison from the Apothecary, and then went to the Juliet. He met with Paris being mourn Juliet. Romeo thinks the vandals, Paris attack, and Romeo kills Paris. Still think that Juliet had died, he drank the poison. Juliet then woke up and saw Romeo dead, so he committed suicide with a knife. Both families and the Prince saw Paris, Romeo and Juliet died. Friar Laurence then retell the story of Romeo and Juliet. Capulet and Montague families and then agree to end hostilities between them.